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KMID : 1035620150030040272
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Allergy Asthma & Respiratory Disease
2015 Volume.3 No. 4 p.272 ~ p.280
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The prevalence and risk factors of allergic rhinitis from a nationwide study of Korean elementary, middle, and high school students
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김영호:Kim Yeong-Ho
서주희:Seo Ju-Hee/권지원:Kwon Ji-Won/이은:Lee Eun/양송이:Yang Song-I/조현주:Cho Hyun-Ju/하미나:Ha Mi-Na/범은애:Burm Eun-Ae/이기재:Lee Kee-Jae/김환철:Kim Hwan-Cheol/임신예:Lim Sin-Ye/강희태:Kang Hee-Tae/손미아:Son Mi-A/김수영:Kim Soo-Young/정해관:Cheong Hae-Kwan/김유미:Kim Yu-Mi/오경재:Oh Gyung-Jae/사공준:Sakong Joon/이철갑:Lee Chul-Gab/김수진:Kim Sue-Jin/백영욱:Beak Yong-Wook/홍수종:Hong Soo-Jong
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Abstract
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Purpose: We investigated the prevalence and risk factors of allergic rhinitis (AR), nationwide in random children and adolescents of Korea.
Methods: A modified International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire survey was done in 1,820 children from elementary, middle, and high school nationwide in Korea. The subjects were selected by the stratifying sampling method by school grade and five regions. Current AR was defined as having AR symptoms during the last 12 months with a history of physician-diagnosed AR. Skin prick tests for 18 common allergens were performed.
Results: The number of males was 945, and that of females was 875. The mean age of the patients was 12.61±3.40 years. The prevalence of current AR and atopic current AR were 29.0% and 18.7%, respectively. Risk factors for current AR were male (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.486; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.189-1.856), family history of paternal AR (aOR, 3.208; 95% CI, 2.460-4.182), family history of maternal AR (aOR, 3.138; 95% CI, 2.446-4.025), antibiotic use in infancy (aOR, 1.547; 95% CI, 1.228-1.949), mold exposure during infancy (aOR, 1.416; 95% CI, 1.103-1.819), mold exposure during the last 12 months (aOR, 1.285; 95% CI, 1.012-1.630), and sensitization on skin prick tests (aOR, 2.596; 95% CI, 2.055-3.279). Risk factors for atopic current AR were the same as those of current AR, whereas breast-milk feeding (aOR, 0.720; 95% CI, 0.530-0.976) was a protective factor. Sensitized allergens as risk factors for current AR were Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farina, ragweed, mugwort, oak, alder, birch, Japanese hop, cat, and dog.
Conclusion: The prevalences of current AR and atopic current AR were 29.0% and 18.7%, respectively. Male, sex parental AR, antibiotic use in infancy, mold exposure during the last 12 months, mold exposure during infancy, and atopic sensitization were risk factors for current AR. Breast-milk feeding was a protective factor for atopic current AR. Aeroallergen sensitization was an important risk factor for AR.
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KEYWORD
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Allergic rhinitis, Prevalence, Risk factors, Sensitization, Child
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